Impacto de los disruptores endocrinos derivados de plásticos en la regulación hormonal masculina: un análisis integral de la evidencia científica

Microplastics and their chemical constituents, such as phthalates and bisphenol A, have emerged as endocrine-disrupting agents capable of significantly altering the human hormonal system. This literature review compiles recent studies on the influence of such compounds on testosterone levels in males. It gathers evidence regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hormonal disruption, including interference with testicular synthesis and alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Clinical implications are discussed, including reduced fertility, muscle mass loss, and psychological effects. The review emphasizes the urgent need for stricter environmental regulations and public health education regarding daily exposure to plastic-derived chemicals. It concludes that chronic exposure to these pollutants represents an underestimated threat to male reproductive health, calling for increased clinical and scientific attention.