Entorhinal cortex atrophy score versus temporal lobe atrophy score in diagnosis and grading of Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the commonest imaging modality used for differentiation AD dementia from other types of dementia. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of entorhinal cortex atrophy (ERICA) score and medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) score in diagnosis and grading of AD. Methods A case–control study included two groups; a study group included 30 patients with cognitive impairment based on mini mental state examination (MMSE) and control group included 30 normal individuals. All participants performed brain MRI. Both ERICA and MTA scores were assessed in coronal oblique 3-D T1 images, and the results were compared to the MMSE scale. Results Mean age of cases was 74.03 years group. There is statistically significant difference between two groups as regard ERICA score and MTA score. A cutoff point of ≥ 2 for both scores demonstrated high accuracy for differentiating between cases and control groups with higher accuracy for MTA score. Both scores demonstrate high accuracy in differentiating between mild versus moderate to severe AD ceases with higher accuracy for ERICA than MTA. Conclusion ERICA and MTA scores demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer’s disease, with no statistically significant difference between them. In staging disease severity, both scores were effective, with ERICA showing slightly higher accuracy.