Global locations of Schmidt-number witnesses

We investigate global locations of Schmidt number witnesses which are outside of the convex set of all bipartite states. Their locations are classified by interiors of faces of the convex set of all states, by considering the line segments from them to the maximally mixed state. In this way, a nonpositive Hermitian matrix of trace 1 is located outside of one and only one face. Faces of the convex set of all states are classified by subspaces, which are range spaces of states belonging to specific faces. For a given subspace, we show that there exist Schmidt number $k+1$ witnesses outside of the face arising from this subspace if and only if every vector in the orthogonal complement of the subspace has Schmidt rank greater than $k$. Once we have Schmidt number $k+1$ witnesses outside of a face, we also have Schmidt number $2,3,\ensuremath{\cdots},k$ witnesses outside of the face.

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Publication Details

Journal
Physical review. A/Physical review, A
Published
2025-08-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/bl7f-45vy
Primary Topic
Quantum Information and Cryptography
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Global locations of Schmidt-number witnesses

Kyung Hoon Han, Seung-Hyeok Kye
Physical review. A/Physical review, A
Quantum Information and Cryptography
article

Global locations of Schmidt-number witnesses

Kyung Hoon Han, Seung-Hyeok Kye
article en

Abstract

We investigate global locations of Schmidt number witnesses which are outside of the convex set of all bipartite states. Their locations are classified by interiors of faces of the convex set of all states, by considering the line segments from them to the maximally mixed state. In this way, a nonpositive Hermitian matrix of trace 1 is located outside of one and only one face. Faces of the convex set of all states are classified by subspaces, which are range spaces of states belonging to specific faces. For a given subspace, we show that there exist Schmidt number $k+1$ witnesses outside of the face arising from this subspace if and only if every vector in the orthogonal complement of the subspace has Schmidt rank greater than $k$. Once we have Schmidt number $k+1$ witnesses outside of a face, we also have Schmidt number $2,3,\ensuremath{\cdots},k$ witnesses outside of the face.

Physical review. A/Physical review, AVol. 112(3)
Seoul National University (KR), University of Suwon (KR)
Openalex Percentile: Top 87%
Quantum Information and Cryptography
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