Evaluation of toxicity, antispasmodic, and analgesic activities of Improved Traditional Medicine (ITM) based on Diospyros mespiliformis and Combretum micranthum indicated in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders

This study focused on an improved traditional herbal medicine (ITHM) used in capsule form for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemistry, toxicity, and pharmacological activity of the ITM. ITM and extracts underwent phytochemical characterization tests and their dosages. Antioxidant, antispasmodic and analgesic properties and acute toxicity study were realized. Bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, etc. were detected. The total phenolic of the ITM were higher with 109.02±0.15 mg EAT/g. The highest total flavonoid content was obtained by the decocted with 17.04±0.25 mg EQ/g and ITM with 16.91± 0.80 mg EQ/g. ITM had the best antioxidant activity by the DPPH method with an IC50 of 24.65 ± 1.05 µg/ml; the decocted had the best activity by the ABTS method with an IC50 of 12.86 ± 0.95 µg/ml and the extracts and ITM had significantly the same activities by LPO method, hence the choice of ITM for the rest of the pharmacological activity. ITM has a low toxicity and an estimated LD50 of 5000 mg/kg. The maximum antispasmodic effect of ITM at the maximum concentration of 3.98 mg/mL was 87.30% with an effective concentration 50 (EC50) of 0.66±0.05 mg/mL. The analgesic effect of ITM was dose-dependent, with inhibition percentages at the dose of 50 mg/kg of 59.82%, that of 100 mg/kg of 64.73% and that of 150 mg/kg of 71.43%. The results on ITM provide a scientific basis for its use in the management of gastric pathologies. Keywords: ITM; Phytochemicals; Antioxidants; Acute toxicity; Antispasmodic; Analgesic.