BEYOND HIV-ASSOCIATED ANEMIA: EXPLORING THE CONSEQUENCES OF REPEATED BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS IN HIV CARE

Blood transfusions are an essential treatment in addressing anemia and associated complications in individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Nonetheless, frequent transfusions may result in various clinical, immunological, and psychosocial effects that are frequently neglected in standard treatment. This narrative review compiles existing evidence on the various impacts of multiple blood transfusions in HIV treatment. An extensive literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, including studies released from 2000 to 2024. Articles were chosen according to their relevance to HIV-related transfusion complications, encompassing clinical outcomes, immunological consequences, and psychosocial effects. We investigate risks including transfusion-related infections, iron accumulation, immune system alteration, and alloimmunization, as well as the psychological impacts of long-term reliance on transfusions. Unique challenges faced by pediatric populations in resource-limited settings are emphasized. Ultimately, approaches for reducing dependence on transfusions by means of prompt antiretroviral treatment, nutritional assistance, and novel therapies are examined. This review seeks to enhance more holistic and patient-focused HIV care models that go beyond just the quick resolution of anemia. Peer Review History: Received 3 June 2025; Reviewed 10 July 2025; Accepted 18 August; Available online 15 September 2025 Academic Editor: Dr. Sally A. El-Zahaby, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt, [email protected] Reviewers: Dr. Francis Adou Yapo, Felix Houphouet Boigny, University of Abidjan, Ivory Coast, [email protected] Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, [email protected]