Bilateral strength asymmetry in knee extension: a reliability and consistency analysis for scientific and practical applications

BSA measurements demonstrated low reliability and inconsistency, with significant individual variability and frequent limb dominance reversals. These findings raise concerns about the use of fixed asymmetry thresholds for injury risk assessment. Task-specificity and individual motor control variations may contribute to these inconsistencies. Future studies should consider habituation and standardized training protocols before evaluating BSA reliability. The results emphasize the need for cautious interpretation of BSA data and highlight limitations in its direct clinical application.