Factors Affecting Performance of Learners with Visual Impairment in Mathematics: A Case Study of Magwero School for the Visually Impaired in Chipata Zambia

This study focused on factors affecting the performance of learners with visual impairment in mathematics at Magwero School for the Visually Impaired in Chipata District of Eastern province. The research objectives were to establish factors affecting the performance of learners with visual impairment in mathematics, to explore how the factors affect performance of the learners with visual impairment in mathematics, and to establish which strategies can be used to address the factors affecting performance of learners with visual impairment in mathematics. The study used a case study research design and qualitative approach was employed, utilizing observations, focus group discussions, and semi-structured interviews with 10 learners (VIL), 6 teachers (Tr.), and 4 school administrators (SA). The findings revealed a range of contributing factors, including the scarcity of Braille mathematics textbooks, inadequate resources, insufficient assistive technology and negative attitudes towards mathematics. Furthermore, societal stigma, environmental factors, and the absence of continuous professional development for teachers were identified as significant factors. The study highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions, such as enhancing mathematical resource availability, improving teacher training in mathematics with special education, and increasing parental involvement in mathematics learning. Based on the study findings, it was recommended that increasing the availability of Braille mathematics textbooks and enhancing teacher training through continuous professional development were essential strategies to improve the performance of learners with visual impairment in mathematics. A further research on factors affecting performance of visually impaired learners in mathematics can be done to other districts which have such schools.