Urban Land Use and Particulate Matter Distribution During Winter: A Case Study of Pabna District Town, Bangladesh

Air pollution is a major public health concern in Bangladesh, contributing to significant respiratory and cardiovascular issues. The objective of this study is to monitor the Particulate Matters (PM<sub>1</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> & PM<sub>10</sub>) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) concentration based on different land use in Pabna district town. This study was conducted in 40 locations of Pabna district town, by using portable Air Quality Monitor, Indoor Outdoor Formaldehyde (HCHO) Detector (Model: DM106) and CO Meter (Model: AS8700A). It was found that, the average concentrations of PM<sub>1</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> & PM<sub>10</sub> of<sub> </sub>40 places in Pabna district town were 34.50, 57.02 and 73.43 µg/m<sup>3</sup> respectively. The average concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> were found 2.28 and 1.49 times higher than World Health Organization (WHO) which is respectively. It is estimated that the average PM<sub>2.5</sub> /PM<sub>10</sub> was 77.63%, PM<sub>1</sub> /PM<sub>2.5</sub> was 60.46%. From the outcome of this research the studied land uses are arranged in descending order based on average concentration PM which follows as road intersection area > commercial area > mixed area > industrial area > residential area > sensitive area. Therefore, the findings underscore the urgent need for targeted air quality management strategies in Pabna district, particularly in high-pollution areas, to mitigate health risks associated with elevated particulate matter concentrations.