Simulation and Optimization of Highly Efficient Sound-Absorbing and -Insulating Materials

Although crucial transport equipment in coal mining enterprises, tubular belt conveyors cause serious noise pollution. In this paper, the sound absorption and isolation performance of three kinds of highly efficient sound-absorbing and -insulating materials were studied by finite element multiphysics field software COMSOL and acoustic tests, and the structure of highly efficient sound-absorbing and -insulating materials was optimized and designed. The results show that the acoustic superstructure plate has an excellent sound insulation effect of 36 dB, and achieves an excellent sound absorption coefficient of 0.95 at 210 Hz on the acoustic simulation test. The simulated weighted sound insulation of acoustic metamaterial plate is 37 dB, and the simulated weighted sound insulation of acoustic metamaterial plate filled with particle material is 42 dB, which improves the sound insulation effect by 4~7 dB after filling with particle material, and the comprehensive absorption coefficient of the high-frequency noise of more than 800 Hz reaches 0.94, and it can effectively absorb and block the low-frequency noise as well; rock wool acoustic panels in the 500 Hz to achieve a better acoustic capacity, the absorption coefficient of 0.8 or more, but the low-frequency noise acoustic capacity is still lacking, and can not be a good solution to the full-frequency band of the acoustic problem. It can be seen that the acoustic metamaterial plate has the best sound absorption and insulation effect. At the same time, the acoustic metamaterials based on the honeycomb structure are optimized, and the sound absorption and insulation structure with the angle of 60° of the inclined plate and the length of 693 mm of the inclined plate is the optimal structure. It provides a solution to the noise pollution caused by tubular belt conveyors.