Environmental principles of using biocharol for wastewater treatment

Purpose. To study the effectiveness of using biochar as a sorbent for wastewater treatment from organic and inorganic pollutants on the adsorption process, as well as to assess the environmental feasibility and possibility of reusing biochar in water treatment technologies. Methods. Experimental, adsorption atomic spectroscopy on the UNICAM Solaar 939 device, statistical. Results. The influence of the initial concentration, pH of the medium, sorbent dose and contact time was studied. It was found that strong adsorption of pollutants on biochar in aqueous solutions reduces the mobilization of pollutants and helps reduce the risk associated with toxic chemicals and their by-products that are present in wastewater and can negatively affect the environment. The pH value of the medium significantly affects the surface charge and specification of chemicals in all biochar sorbents. High concentrations of pollutants complicate complete removal. The use of biochar removes contaminants best in conditions of low initial concentrations of contaminants. The efficiency of purification increases with the contact time, which is associated with the duration of the process between biochar and the contaminant. However, an excessive increase in time can lead to saturation, which will limit the efficiency of contaminant removal. The ecological safety of the use of biochar and its suitability for repeated use with minimal loss of sorption properties have also been confirmed. Conclusions. It has been established that biochar is an effective sorbent for the removal of contaminants from aqueous solutions due to its physicochemical properties: large specific surface area, developed porosity and the presence of active functional groups. Biochar is a promising material for implementation in wastewater treatment systems in industry, agriculture and everyday life.Key words: water pollution, adsorption, biochar, wastewater, concentration, pH.