A 2022. novemberi vízimadár-felmérés eredményei a Balatonon és a környező vizesélőhelyeken

Waterbird census was carried out on 59 survey plots around Lake Balaton and its surrounding wetlands on 19th November 2022, like in previous years (KOVÁCS, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c, 2013a, 2013b, 2013c, 2013d, 2015, 2023a, 2023b, 2023c, 2023d, 2023e; KOVÁCS & HAJDU, 2015a, 2015b; KOVÁCS & BRUCKNER 2022a, 2022b, 2022c, 2025a, 2025b) by BirdLife Hungary South-Balaton Local Group. A total of 49 waterbird species from 10 orders and 12 families were observed (Table 1). More than half of the observed individuals were ducks and geese, about a fifth were gulls, and a sixth were coots. The Tufted Duck was the most numerous species (>8,600 individuals), followed by the Eurasian Coot (~7,200), the Black-headed Gull (~5,700), the Mallard (~3,800), the Common Pochard (~3,500) and the Yellow-legged/Caspian Gull (>2,000). All of these species were also significant throughout the survey area. A notable count was also recorded for the Great Crested Grebe, with a total of 1,400 individuals observed. In fishponds and marshes, the dominant species (those with a dominance value D > 5%) were the Black-headed Gull, Yellow-legged/Caspian Gull, Greater White-fronted Goose, Eurasian Teal, Greylag Goose, Great Cormorant, and Eurasian Wigeon. On Lake Balaton itself, the dominant species were the Tufted Duck, Eurasian Coot, Mallard, Black-headed Gull and Common Pochard. The highest number of individuals (>4,300) was counted at Csopak, but a similar number (>4,000) was also aggregated near Balatonalmádi. Additionally, more than 1,000 waterbirds were recorded at 10 other survey locations (Table 2 and Map 1). The highest species richness was recorded at Balatonfenyves, with 22 waterbird species observed. Furthermore, at 19 additional survey plots, more than 10 species were recorded (Map 2). Several locally outstanding records were also made: 2,665 Eurasian Coots at Szántód; 853 Yellow-legged/Caspian Gulls at Balatonaliga; 2,705 Tufted Ducks at Balatonalmádi; 1,300 Common Pochards and 2,700 Tufted Ducks at Csopak; 1,400 Tufted Ducks and 1,425 Eurasian Coots at Balatonfüred (MVM port); 1,300 Tufted Ducks at Balatonfüred móló; 2,000 Blackheaded Gulls and 800 Yellow-legged/Caspian Gulls at Királyszentistván. Species occurring at more than half of the observation sites (constancy C > 50%) included Great Crested Grebe, Black-headed Gull, Mallard, Mute Swan and Pygmy Cormorant, indicating their widespread presence in the study area. An interesting faunistic result was the occurrence of the following species: Tundra Swan (2-1 ind. at Siófok, Szabadi-Sóstó); Common Shelduck (3 ind. at Marcali-víztározó); Greater Scaup (3-2-3 ind. at Balatonfenyves, Balatonalmádi, Káptalanfüred), Common Scoter (1 ind. at Bélatelep); Common Merganser (6-3 ind. at Szántód, Zamárdi); Red-breasted Merganser (6 ind. at Marcali-víztározó); Red-necked Grebe (1-1-1 ind. at Balatonfenyves, Szabadi-Sóstó, Balatonfüzfő Tobruk); Horned Grebe (1 ind. at Balatonszemes); Black-necked Grebe (1-1 ind. at Szántód, Zamárdi); Dunlin (45 ind. at Balatonfenyves); Common Snipe (3 ind. at Marcalivíztározó); Spotted Redshank (1 ind. at Nagyberek); European Herring Gull (1 ind. at Balatonlelle-felső); Red-throated Diver (1-1-1 ind. at Szabadi-Sóstó, between B.kenes-B.fűzfő, Balatonfüred móló); Black-throated Diver (10-2-4-1 ind. at Zamárdi, Siófok, Szabadi-Sóstó, Balatonederics) and Eurasian Spoonbill (8 ind. at Irmapusztai-halastavak).