Levels of Haematological Parameters in Normal Rats After Prolonged Exposure to Aqueous Extract of Dialium guineense Stem Bark

Background and objective: Dialium guineense is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. However, there is limited information regarding its potential hematological toxicity upon prolonged use. This study aimed to evaluate whether long-term administration of aqueous extract of D. guineense (AEDG) stem bark has any effect on the haematological parameters of healthy rats. Materials and methods: Ten male Wistar rats (150–180 g; mean weight = 165 ± 15 g) were randomly divided into two groups (n = 5 per group): control and observation. The observation group received 1000 mg/kg body weight of AEDG orally for 12 weeks. Haematological parameters were analyzed using a Swelab Autocounter 920E+ (UK). Statistical analysis was performed to compare values between groups, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in red and white blood cell counts, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, or platelet levels between the control and treated groups after 12 weeks. These findings suggest that prolonged administration of AEDG stem bark at the tested dose does not adversely affect blood composition. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of D. guineense stem bark appears hematologically safe in normal rats at 1000 mg/kg body weight for up to 12 weeks. Further studies are recommended to evaluate potential long-term effects and explore other systemic toxicities.