Duplex Probe-Based Fluorescence Melting Curve Analysis for Simultaneous Genotyping of rs1126728 and rs11208257 in the Phosphoglucomutase-1 Gene

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1) is an enzyme that plays important roles in glycolysis, glycogen metabolism, and glycosylation. The PGM1 gene harbors two common nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variants (rs1126728 and rs11208257), which result in four functional PGM1 phenotypes. Correlations between PGM1 polymorphisms and several pathological conditions have been suggested. <b>Methods:</b> To identify the rs1126728 and rs11208257 concurrently, a fluorescence melting curve analysis (FMCA) was developed that utilizes two distinct dual-labeled fluorescence probes. Two distinct Taq polymerases, one with and one without 5'-3'exonuclease activity, were compared. This method was then applied to 95 unrelated Japanese subjects. <b>Results:</b> Both Taq polymerases, with and without 5'-3'exonuclease activity, were found to be sufficiently functional. Furthermore, the results of the FMCA using both Taq polymerases were compared with the direct Sanger sequencing results of PCR products from the 95 Japanese subjects, demonstrating 100% concordance. <b>Conclusions:</b> The duplex probe-based FMCA developed in this study is useful for examining the association between rs1126728 or rs11208257 and a range of pathological conditions using a relatively large number of subjects.