A 2021. novemberi vízimadár-felmérés eredményei a Balatonon és a környező vizesélőhelyeken

Waterbird census was carried out on 58 survey plots around Lake Balaton and its surrounding wetlands on 13th November 2021, like in previous years (KOVÁCS, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c, 2013a, 2013b, 2013c, 2013d, 2015, 2023a, 2023b, 2023c, 2023d, 2023e; KOVÁCS & HAJDU, 2015a, 2015b; KOVÁCS & BRUCKNER 2022a, 2022b, 2022c) by BirdLife Hungary South-Balaton Local Group. A total of 41 waterbird species from 9 orders and 10 families were observed (Table 1). More than half of the observed individuals were ducks and geese, and about a quarter were coots. The Eurasian Coot was the most numerous species (~14,700 individuals), followed by the Greater White-fronted Goose (~11,000), the Greylag Goose (>6,500), the Mallard (~5,700), the Black-headed Gull (~3,500), the Tufted Duck (>3,200), the Great Cormorant (~2,900), the Common Pochard (~2,100), the Goldeneye (>1,800), the Great Crested Grebe (~1,600) and the Yellow-legged/Caspian Gull (>1,200). All of these species were also significant throughout the survey area. A notable count was also recorded for the Mute Swan, with a total of 847 individuals observed. In fishponds and marshes, the dominant species (those with a dominance value D > 5%) were the Greater White-fronted Goose, Black-headed Gull, Yellow-legged/Caspian Gull, Mallard, and Eurasian Teal. On Lake Balaton itself, the dominant species were the Eurasian Coot, Greater White-fronted Goose, Greylag Goose, Mallard, Tufted Duck and Great Cormorant. The highest number of individual birds was counted at Balatonlelle-felső, where a single mixed flock of Greater White-fronted Geese and Greylag Geese exceeding 12,000 individuals contributed to a total of 12,600 birds. Significant numbers were also recorded in the Nagyberek wetland, with over 4,600 individuals observed. Additionally, more than 1,000 waterbirds were recorded at 15 other survey locations (Table 2 and Map 1). The highest species richness was recorded at Balatonfenyves, with 24 waterbird species observed. Furthermore, at 23 additional locations, more than 10 species were recorded (Map 2). Several locally outstanding records were also made: 157 Mute Swans were counted at Balatonfenyves; 5,800 Greylag Geese and 6,520 Greater White-fronted Geese were observed at Balatonlelle-felső. At Fonyód, 400 Great Crested Grebes were recorded, and at Balatonőszöd-Balatonszárszó, 1,200 Great Cormorants were counted. Notable larger flocks of Eurasian Coots included 1,033 individuals at Balatonszemes, 1,150 at Balatonőszöd- Balatonszárszó, 2,427 at Szántód, 1,547 at Balatonkenese and 2,350 at Káptalanfüred. Species occurring at more than half of the observation sites (constancy C > 50%) included the Mallard, Black-headed Gull, Great Crested Grebe, Pygmy Cormorant, Mute Swan, Great Cormorant, Eurasian Coot, and Yellow-legged/Caspian Gull, indicating their widespread presence in the study area. An interesting faunistic result was the occurrence of the following species: Red-breasted Goose (2 ind. at Nagyberek), Ferruginous Duck (13-1 ind. at Csopak, Királyszentistván), Greater Scaup (2-3-1-3 ind. at Balatonberény, Balatonőszöd-Balatonszárszó, Balatonkenese, Balatonszepezd), Velvet Scoter (2 ind. at Fonyód), Common Scoter (1-1 ind. at Balatonberény, Fenékpuszta), Common Merganser (1-23-2-31 ind. at Balatonőszöd-Balatonszárszó, Zamárdi, Balatonfűzfő Bay, between Balatonkenese and Balatonfűzfő, Tihany rév), Red-breasted Merganser (5 ind. at Balatonberény), Horned Grebe (1-1 ind. at Balatonfenyves, Paloznak), Black-necked Grebe (1-4-3-5-12-2-4 ind. at Balatonfenyves, Bélatelep, Fonyód, Balatonőszöd- Balatonszárszó, Balatonföldvár, Tihany rév, Balatonudvari Fövenyes), Common Snipe (1 ind. at Balatonudvari), Lesser Black-backed Gull (1 ind. at Balatonkenese), Red-throated Diver (1- 1-1-2-1 ind. at Balatonszemes, Balatonkenese, Tihany Gödrös, Tihany rév, Zánka) and Blackthroated Diver (1-1-5-5-1-2-1-1 ind. at Balatonberény, Fonyódliget-Ordacsehi, Zamárdi, Balatonaliga, Balatonfűzfő Fövenystrand, Tihany rév, Sajkod, and Balatonudvari Fövenyes, respectively).