A 2023. januári vízimadár-felmérés eredményei a Balatonon és a környező vizesélőhelyeken

Waterbird census was carried out on 52 survey plots around Lake Balaton and its surrounding wetlands on 14 January 2023, like in previous years (KOVÁCS, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c, 2013a, 2013b, 2013c, 2013d, 2015, 2023a, 2023b, 2023c, 2023d, 2023e; KOVÁCS & HAJDU, 2015a, 2015b; KOVÁCS & BRUCKNER 2022a, 2022b, 2022c) by BirdLife Hungary South-Balaton Local Group. A total of 46 waterbird species from 8 orders and 9 families were observed (Table 1). The the Black-headed Gull was the most numerous species (>5,300 individuals), followed by the Eurasian Coot (~5,200), the Goldeneye (~4,500), the Mallard (>3,100), the Common Pochard (>2,300), the Great Cormorant (~2,300), the Yellow-legged/Caspian Gull (~1,600) and the Tufted Duck (>1,500), all of which were also significant throughout the survey area. A notable count was also recorded for the Great Crested Grebe, with more than 1,000 individuals observed. In fishponds and marshes, the dominant species (those with a dominance value D > 5%) were the Black-headed Gull, Yellow-legged/Caspian Gull, Eurasian Teal and Great Cormorant. On Lake Balaton itself, the dominant species were the Eurasian Coot, Goldeneye, Mallard, Black-headed Gull, Common Pochard, Great Cormorant and Tufted Duck. The highest number of individual birds was counted at Királyszentistván (>3,200 individuals). Significant numbers were also recorded at Balatonakarattya (~1,900 ind.), Balatonaliga (~1,800 ind.) and Balatonszabadi (>1,700 ind.). Additionally, more than 1,000 waterbirds were recorded at 6 other survey locations (Table 2 and Map 1). The highest species richness was recorded at Balatonszemes, with 18 waterbird species observed. Furthermore, at 23 additional locations, more than 10 species were recorded (Map 2). Several locally outstanding records were also made: 1,000 Eurasian Coots at Szántód; 800 Great Cormorants at Balatonszabadi; 745 Goldeneyes at Balatonakarattya; 1,010 Goldeneyes at Fenékpuszta and 2,500 Black-headed Gulls at Királyszentistván. Species occurring at more than half of the observation sites (constancy C > 50%) included the Mallard, Mute Swan, Black-headed Gull, Pygmy Cormorant, Great Crested Grebe, Goldeneye and Eurasian Coot, indicating their widespread presence in the study area. An interesting faunistic result was the occurrence of the following species: Lesser White-fronted Goose (2 ind. at Balatonszemes); Common Shelduck (8 ind. at Irmapusztaihalastavak); Ferruginous Duck (1-5-1 ind. at Örvényes, Pálköve, Badacsonylábdihegy); Greater Scaup (5-5 ind. at Zamárdi, Badacsony); Velvet Scoter (1-2-1 ind. at Balatonszemes, Balatongyörök, Fenékpuszta); Long-tailed Duck (1 ind. at Szántód); Horned Grebe (2 ind. at Balatonfüred MVM kikötő); Black-necked Grebe (1-3-1 ind. at Sajkod, Fövenyes, Fenékpuszta); Eurasian Curlew (1 ind. at Balatonfenyves); Red Knot (1 ind. at Balatonszemes); Dunlin (46-1 ind. at Balatonfenyves, Siófok); Black-legged Kittiwake (1 ind. at Balatonfenyves); European Herring Gull (1-1-1 ind. at Balatonberény, Balatonszemes, Balatonfüzfő Tobruk); Red-throated Diver (1 ind. at Fenékpuszta) and Black-throated Diver (1 ind. at Tihany rév).