Design and Test of Active Rotating Hole-Forming Mechanism on Film Surface

This study addresses the agricultural requirement for flexible adjustment of planting spacing in seed breeding corn, designing an active rotating in-film hole-forming mechanism driven by an independent motor. The mechanism allows flexible regulation of planting spacing by adjusting the motor speed. The study first optimized the structure of the hole-forming device, selecting a rhombic duckbill as its core component and analyzing its motion trajectory and hole-forming shape. Single-factor experiments were conducted to determine the structural parameter ranges affecting film hole length. Using discrete element and multibody dynamics co-simulation, experiments were carried out with duckbill number, duckbill bottom width, and duckbill bottom height as experimental factors, and film hole length as the response variable, employing a three-factor, three-level orthogonal experimental method. Simulation results indicated that the factors influencing film hole length, in descending order of impact, were duckbill number, duckbill bottom height, and duckbill bottom width. The optimized best structural parameters were: 9 duckbills, bottom height of 351 mm, and bottom width of 22 mm, ensuring film hole length control within the range of 25–40 mm, meeting planting requirements, preventing weed growth, and ensuring a seed growth environment. Furrow testing validated the adaptability and planting performance of the mechanism under different spacing conditions, providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for the promotion of small-scale breeding and the sowing technology on the film for field seed production.