Hands-On Blockchain Teaching and Learning: Integrating IPFS and Oracles Through Open-Source Practical Use Cases

The growing frequency of cybersecurity incidents, coupled with the increasing significance of blockchain technology in today’s digital landscape, highlights the urgent need for enriched, hands-on educational programs within Computer Science and Engineering curricula. While core blockchain curricula typically cover consensus protocols, smart contracts, and cryptographic foundations, more advanced topics like InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and oracles pose teaching challenges due to their complexity and reliance on broader system knowledge. Despite this, their critical role in decentralized applications (dApps) justifies their inclusion at least through practical use cases. The integration of the IPFS protocol with Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) can enable pure decentralized storage subsystems for dApps, avoiding single points of failure and ensuring data integrity and security. At the same time, as an external source of information, oracles are required to ensure data correctness while managing IPFS data. Despite the potential use of such components in real use cases, the current literature lacks detailed oracle implementations designed to interact with the IPFS protocol. To tackle such an issue, this article presents two open-source use cases that integrate smart contracts, an oracle and an IPFS-based storage subsystem that will allow future professors, students, researchers and developers to learn and experiment with advanced dApps and DLTs.