Revealing Dynamic Brain Networks in ADHD using Hyperband Resting-State fMRI

Motivation: Functional MRI (fMRI) typically employs long repetition times (TR), limiting its ability to capture rapid brain state transitions crucial for understanding dynamic functional connectivity (dFC). Goal(s): This study aims to improve dFC analysis by using higher temporal resolution Hyperband fMRI. Approach: We employed Hyperband fMRI (TR = 0.43s) to examine dynamic network engagement in neurotypical (NT) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) participants across two independent brain atlases: Power and Shaefer. Results: Hyperband fMRI revealed significant dFC differences in ADHD participants with extended engagement in integrated brain states across two independent atlases, demonstrating consistent and robust results. Impact: Hyperband fMRI with shorter TR demonstrated significant differences in dFC in ADHD. ADHD participants exhibited prolonged engagement, compared with NT, in integrated brain states across two brain atlases, demonstrating efficacy in detecting dynamic neural alterations.