Brain volumetry and T2* relaxometry in fetuses with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Motivation: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a severe congenital anomaly associated not only with impaired pulmonary development but also neurodevelopmental sequelae. There is currently limited data regarding the extent to which alterations commence in the antenatal period. Goal(s): To explore differences in brain development in a cohort of fetuses with and without CDH. Approach: Comparisons between MRI derived regional brain volumes and supratentorial mean brain T2* measurements were made between CDH and control groups. Results: A reduction in white matter, brain stem and cerebellar volumes was noted. No differences in mean T2* values were found. Impact: This study has demonstrated that alterations in brain development have antenatal antecedents in fetuses with CDH. Further work is required to correlate these findings with longer term neurodevelopmental outcomes to aid prognostication and further management.