Accelerated 4D Flow with Respiratory Compensation and Cardiac View Sharing in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease

Motivation: Long scan times in conventional 4D flow MRI limit its use in pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) due to motion artifacts and patient discomfort. Goal(s): To evaluate an accelerated 4D flow MRI technique that reduces scan time while maintaining flow quantification accuracy in pediatric CHD patients. Approach: We demonstrate a 5-minute free-breathing 4D flow MRI protocol using compressed sensing, respiratory soft-gating, and cardiac view-sharing. Flow estimates were compared with conventional 2D phase contrast MRI. Results: The accelerated method provided accurate flow quantification, with strong agreement to 2D PCMR and reduced scan time compared to conventional 4D flow. Impact: This study shows that accelerated 4D flow MRI can shorten scan times while maintaining accuracy, improving clinical workflow and patient comfort in pediatric congenital heart disease.