Exploring Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Correlations with Clinical Symptoms

Motivation: The relationship between brain iron content and symptoms in children with autism remains unclear. Goal(s): We aim to examine changes in brain iron levels and their correlation with clinical symptoms in children with autism. Approach: This study compares brain iron content and its correlation with symptoms in children with autism versus typically developing children, utilizing the QSM technique and relevant clinical scales. Results: Brain iron levels are reduced in children with autism and correlate with clinical symptoms. Impact: ASD has a high prevalence among children, and diagnosis primarily depends on clinical assessment due to its unknown pathogenesis. This study may enhance the understanding of autism's neurobiology and inform diagnostic and treatment strategies using new imaging markers.