THE EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE ON REDUCING HOSPITALIZATIONS OF PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ASTHMA EXACERBATIONS IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and changes in the airways, leading to symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and difficulty breathing. Magnesium sulfate, a medication used in acute attacks, relaxes the airways and reduces inflammation, improving respiratory function. This study aimed to analyze the effect of magnesium sulfate in reducing hospitalizations for patients with severe asthma exacerbations treated in emergency rooms. This is an integrative review with a qualitative approach, guided by the following central question: “Does administering magnesium sulfate to patients with severe asthma exacerbations in emergency rooms reduce the number of hospitalizations, contributing to more effective control of asthma attacks? ”. The following digital repositories of academic publications were used: CAFe, Pubmed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, covering the period from 2014 to 2024. To search for articles, descriptors were selected through queries to the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), using the Boolean operators AND and OR: "Emergency Medical Services," "Emergencies," "Trauma Centers," "Magnesium Sulfate," and "Asthma." The study included only full-text articles addressing the use of magnesium sulfate in emergency departments. After analyzing, eight studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. The administration of magnesium sulfate, both intravenous and nebulized, has shown benefits in relieving asthma exacerbations and accelerating patient recovery, especially in severe cases treated in emergency departments.