A Longitudinal Study of T2 Mapping and DTI to Quantitatively Evaluate Neuroprotective Effect of rTMS on Ischemic Rat Brain

Motivation: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising non-invasive neuromodulation technique that can promote neuroplasticity. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain insufficiently elucidated. Goal(s): Using T2 mapping and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to observe the structural and pathophysiological changes in the brain following rTMS treatment for ischemic stroke. Approach: We applied T2 mapping and DTI at multiple time points after acute ischemic stroke to observe the effect of rTMS. Results: 2-week rTMS treatment significantly reduced rT2 value, increased rFA value and reduced the values of rAD, rRD and rMD in cortex and basal ganglia compared to the control group, with improved neurological function. Impact: Parameters derived from T2 mapping and DTI can be used together as imaging biomarkers to assess the neuroprotective effect of rTMS on ischemic stroke. The longitudinal quantitative MRI evaluation provided new insights into the rTMS treatment for acute ischemic stroke.