Added value of amid proton transfer weighted MRI to PI-RADS v2.1 in differentiating clinically significant prostate cancer

Motivation: It has been reported amide proton transfer (APT) weighted MRI can differentiate clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), but its added value to PI-RADS remains uncertain. Goal(s): Investigating if APT weighted MRI can provide added value to PI-RADS v2.1 in diagnosing csPCa. Approach: 134 participants were enrolled. They were additionally imaged with APT weighted MRI before pathological examination. APT and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of lesion were analyzed. Results: APT, ADC, and PI-RADS can significantly differentiate csPCa from non-csPCa. Compared with using PI-RADS alone, the combination of APT and PI-RADS can significantly improve the diagnostic performance. Impact: Accurately diagnosing csPCa patients is important for treatment selection. APT weighted MRI can provide significantly added value to PI-RADS v2.1 for identifying csPCa. Therefore, the application of APT weighted MRI would be beneficial for prostate cancer assessment and management.