Effects of Hemodialysis on Structural-Functional Coupling of Working Memory-Related Networks in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients

Motivation: The high prevalence of cognitive impairment in ESRD patients with hemodialysis, which severely affects quality of life and increases mortality risk. Understanding the effects of hemodialysis on cognitive functions, especially working memory, is crucial to improving patient outcomes. Goal(s): The aim of this study is to explore the effects of hemodialysis on working memory networks and identify potential clinical risk factors. Approach: We utilized structural-functional connectivity coupling to analyze working memory-related networks alterations in ESRD with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), ESRD before hemodialysis (BHD), and healthy controls (HCs). Results: HD has a neuroprotective effect on brain function dysfunction in ESRD patients. Impact: Hemodialysis partially restores cognitive function in ESRD patients, but some brain regions' connectivity remains disrupted. Early intervention on urea and sodium balance is crucial for better cognitive preservation.