Increased iron deposition in the PCC of older women with aMCI

Motivation: Understanding iron accumulation in neurodegenerative diseases, especially in early stages like aMCI, is crucial due to the lack of early biomarkers. Goal(s): This study primarily aims to monitor changes in iron deposition across different brain regions using QSM, identify regions associated with cognitive function changes, and further investigate sex differences. Approach: QSM based on strategically acquired gradient echo (STAGE) imaging was used to measure iron levels of aMCI patients and healthy controls, with cognitive assessments via MMSE and Memory_z. Results: Significant PCC iron deposition in female aMCI patients correlated with cognitive decline before volume alterations, suggesting it as an early biomarker in women. Impact: PCC iron deposition is a potential early biomarker for cognitive decline in aMCI before volume alterations, with sex-specific differences. This study suggests that gender should be considered in neurodegenerative research, paving the way for tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.