SUPREME: Susceptibility with Ultra-high-resolution Parallel REconstruction of Multi-Echo

Motivation: Ultra-high-resolution SWI and QSM at 3T are essential for studying the vascular origins of multiple sclerosis lesions. Goal(s): To develop 3T protocol that simultaneously: 1) measures cerebral venous oxygen saturation levels through fully flow-compensated QSM; 2) quantifies medullary vein density (MVD); 3) assesses lesions with a central vein through the SWI-FLAIR; and 4) assesses paramagnetic rim lesions, and grey matter lesions using the high-resolution multi-echo QSM. Approach: We optimized the SUPREME protocol on a 3T MRI (Siemens Cima.X) and compared the MDV with those from conventional SWI on 7 volunteers. Results: The SUPREME-SWI provided excellent visualization of deep medullary veins. Impact: This study demonstrates the imaging capabilities of SUPREME to quantify medullary vein density and venous oxygen saturation, and central vein lesion load which will be used in multiple sclerosis studies.