The White Matter Microstructure and Functional Network Basis of MRgFUS Treatment in OCD Patients

Motivation: The neural mechanisms of MRgFUS for OCD remain unclear. Goal(s): Investigate the changes in neuro-microstructure and functional connectivity features after the MRgFUS, and further explore their clinical associations. Approach: Diffusion and functional data were collected from OCD patients before and after MRgFUS treatment, with clinical follow-up. The changes in diffusivity parameters in the lesions and functional topological properties were analyzed, and their correlation with clinical prognosis was calculated. Results: MRgFUS significantly altered the fractional anisotropy in the lesions, particularly involving the dorsal anterior limb of the internal capsule, accompanied by functional improvements. Changes in white matter microstructure showed predictive value for treatment efficacy. Impact: This is the first longitudinal comparison of neuro-microstructure and functional connectome in MRgFUS treatment. It highlights the significance of the dorsal aLic, contributing to understanding the neural basis of MRgFUS for OCD, and suggests imaging features for predicting treatment efficacy.