Implementation of hybrid multi-dimensional MRI (HM-MRI) for non-endo-rectal coil prostate MR imaging

Motivation: To overcome the challenge of low prostate DWI signal without the use of an endorectal coil (non-ERC), for implementation of hybrid multi-dimensional MRI (HM-MRI). Goal(s): To demonstrate and validate non-ERC HM-MRI for non-invasive estimation of tissue compartment volume fractions (epithelium, stroma, and glandular lumen) and their use for lesion diagnostics. Approach: An alternative TE/b-value sampling scheme was implemented and the resulting volume fraction estimates are compared to quantitative pathology data. Results: Tissue compartment volume fractions were successfully calculated in 37 ROIs that were correlated with pathology. Excellent diagnostic performance was demonstrated. Impact: A successful and validated implementation of hybrid multi-dimensional MRI (HM-MRI) without the use of an endorectal coil will lead to broader clinical application, resulting in better prostate MRI diagnostic performance and better predictive value of prostate MR-guided biopsy.