Neural correlates differ between crystallized and fluid intelligence in adolescents: A Multi-modal MRI Investigation

Motivation: Fluid and crystallized intelligence reflect distinct cognition abilities in adolescents, but their specific neurobiological basis and environmental influences remain unclear. Multi-modal MRI offers valuable insights into the neural features associated to each intelligence form. Goal(s): This study aimed to distinguish MRI-phenotype basis for fluid/crystallized intelligence in adolescents, and identify neural basis and lifestyle impact. Approach: We analyzed multi-modal MRI data and intelligence measurement from ABCD study, integrating with brain gene expression and neurotransmitter density. Results: Fluid intelligence was associated with dMRI phenotypes while crystallized intelligence was associated with sMRI phenotypes. Both forms of intelligence have distinct neural, molecular basis and lifestyle impact. Impact: From the perspective of multi-modal MRI, this study provided valuable insights into the distinct neural and molecular basis of adolescent intelligence, paving the way for educational strategies and potential interventions. It also offered basis for future research into cognitive development.