Altered neurovascular coupling in Parkinson's disease with olfactory dysfunction.

Motivation: Parkinson's disease has long been challenging to diagnose at an early stage, and olfactory dysfunction is one of the earliest symptoms in some PD patients. Goal(s): This study explored the altered neurovascular coupling（NVC）function in PD patients with olfactory dysfunction. Approach: Our study combines both ASL and rs-fMRI as well as UPSIT to investigate altered NVC in PD patients with olfactory dysfunction. Results: In the present study, we found altered neurovascular coupling in the left Fusiform gyrus and hippocampus in patients with PD, which plays an important role in the development of olfactory dysfunction. Impact: The results of the present study explain the altered neurovascular coupling in olfactory dysfunction in PD and contribute to the elucidation of the possible mechanisms underlying the development of olfactory dysfunction.