White matter brain temperatures are associated with neurodevelopmental outcome following neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE)

Motivation: Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a leading cause of death and neurological impairment. Therapeutic hypothermia improves outcomes, especially in moderate to severe HIE. An elevated core body temperature represents a risk factor for adverse outcome. The link between brain temperature and outcome following HIE has not yet been explored. Goal(s): To examine the link between brain temperature and neurodevelopmental outcome in HIE. Approach: Regression analysis comparing white matter (WM) and basal ganglia (BG) brain temperatures from MRS to neurodevelopmental outcome. Results: WM but not BG brain temperatures correlated significantly with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III at age 2. Impact: In infants with HIE, WM brain temperatures from MRS correlate with motor, cognitive, and language outcomes at 2 years. WM brain temperatures represent a promising marker for outcome, aiding parent counselling and early identification of patients needing additional support.