Assessment of brain functional network alterations in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients: A longitudinal functional MRI study

Motivation: Chemotherapy may induce cognitive changes in breast cancer survivors, potentially linked to brain connectivity alterations. Goal(s): To investigate changes in resting-state functional connectivity and structural networks, and examine associations with cognitive performance after chemotherapy treatment. Approach: We analyzed mReHo and mfALFF values using fMRI and assessed structural connectivity using Network-Based Statistics (NBS) and Graph Theory Analysis (GAT) in breast cancer patients pre- and post-chemotherapy, compared with healthy controls. Results: Notable connectivity changes and correlations with cognitive scores indicate potential for tracking cognitive effects, and supporting strategies for monitoring cognitive function post-chemotherapy. Impact: This research impacts clinicians and breast cancer survivors by identifying connectivity indicators for cognitive function. It raises new questions about personalized interventions, allowing for customized strategies to mitigate cognitive decline and enhance the quality of life for patients after chemotherapy.