First Industrial High Power Laser Perforation: Operation and Deployment

Abstract This paper presents an overview of the advances achieved and the future ahead for the field deployment of high-powered lasers in subsurface for cased and open-hole applications. This innovation facilitates non-damaging well perforating, fracturing, descaling to improved near-wellbore communication and reduce the energy required for fracture initiation. The technology has been proven through successful lab and field demonstrations, which showcased the effectiveness of laser perforation of cased wells and penetration of various rock types, including carbonates, shales, sandstones, and more. These successes have driven the development of the pioneering and versatile high-power laser system. Designed for safety and environmental sustainability, the enclosed system comprises a laser beam generator, nitrogen tank, coiled tubing, and opto-electrical tool to direct the beam to target. Its versatility means the same system can be used across multiple operations with interchangeable tools tailored for each application. The deployment demonstrated the performance of the latest-generation tool incorporates an advanced optical control system enabling real-time operational verification, complemented by integrated sensors providing instantaneous feedback during operation. The next step is to develop the tools needed to extend the capabilities and reach of the system, including real-time characterization and post-job valudation, in addition to the customary pre- and post-perforation logging methods. Furthermore, the advances in laser-compatible sensor arrays embedded within the tool will enable continuous monitoring of parameters like luminosity, temperature, pressure, and flow measurement, allowing the operators to evaluate and asses the tool performance throughout the operation.