Happiness is associated with healthy eating among young adults: A cross-sectional study

Background: Happiness is an integral part of the human experience that contributes to mental and physical well-being. Owing to its direct impact on the central nervous system, nutritious food is crucial for maintaining optimal physical health, promoting a positive mindset, and boosting overall well-being. This study examined the relationship between healthy eating patterns and subjective perception of happiness among university students. Methods: This study included 400 university students (83.5% female) aged 18–23 years. A self-administered online questionnaire was distributed among university students, which included sociodemographic information and three validated scales for healthy eating and happiness: the Short Healthy Eating Index (sHEI), General Happiness Scale (GHS), and Flourishing Scale (FS). Results: More than two-thirds (69%) of the respondents reported feeling happy, and 92% had a positive experience of flourishing. The mean sHEI score was 47.48 ± 9.12 out of 100, indicating moderately healthy eating patterns with inadequate consumption of whole grains, dairy products, and fruits. Simultaneously, added sugar was the most significant contributor to lower sHEI scores. As for the determinants of the FS and GHS scales, young female participants aged 20–21 years, in their 1 st year of study, with higher grade point average, normal body mass index, and healthy diet, were significantly happier than their counterparts. Moreover, a positive relationship was observed between healthier dietary patterns, as indicated by higher sHEI scores, and increased FS and GHS scores (adjusted β = 0.79, 95% confidence level [CI]: 0.38–1.15, and adjusted β = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.01–0.27, respectively). This study identified several important socio-demographic and dietary factors associated with happiness among university students. Conclusion: Prioritizing nutritious foods and adopting healthy eating patterns are crucial for maintaining optimal physical health and well-being, cultivating a positive mindset, and promoting overall happiness among university students.