Fitting in or finding you? Students’ gender expression and the social landscape

Gender identity is an internal sense of being male, female, or another gender, which may not align with the sex assigned at birth and includes non-binary identities, while gender expression refers to the outward display of one’s gender through attributes like clothing and behavior. Embracing and supporting the full spectrum of gender identities and expressions is essential for fostering a thriving and inclusive environment. Social acceptance significantly impacts quality of life, especially in academic settings where non-conforming expressions face stigma and discrimination. This study addresses the population gap by delving into students’ lived experiences with diverse gender identities within academic settings. The study utilized a phenomenological research design to explore how students with diverse gender identities perceive and interpret their identities within their social environments. Respondent-driven sampling was used to select ten participants, ensuring a representative sample that includes various gender identities, thereby minimizing selection bias and enhancing validity. Data was gathered through in-depth semi-structured interviews using a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes, with rigorous validation processes ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the findings. The study revealed that gender expression and identity are deeply tied to self-expression, encompassing clothing choices, behaviors, and language, which challenge traditional gender norms and advocate for broader recognition. Despite supportive social dynamics fostering inclusivity, participants face significant challenges within conservative communities and compounded discrimination, amplifying difficulties in achieving acceptance and authenticity. The findings highlight the persistent systemic biases and societal norms restricting authentic expressions, underscoring the need for continued efforts to create inclusive environments.