Features of Water Chemical Composition in Mires of the Southern Taiga Subzone of Western Siberia

The major ions content, the concentrations of heavy metals and organic compounds in the waters of different types of mires of the southern taiga subzone of Western Siberia were determined under natural conditions, under the influence of background transfer of pollutants, and at the stage of recovery after a fire. The composition of waters was determined by titrimetry, spectrophotometry, flame photometry, voltammetry, IR and chromatograph mass spectrometry. A tendency towards an increase in the concentration of basic ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, $${\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ , as well as Fetot from raised bogs to fens ones was shown, which is consistent with a change in sources of water and mineral recharge. The chemical composition of the waters of the burnt-out bog is characterized by an increase in pH, concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, $${\text{SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}$$ and biogenic elements—Fetot, $${\text{NH}}_{4}^{ + }$$ , $${\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ , heavy metals Pb, Cu, Cd, and a low content of organic compounds. The concentration of heavy metals in the waters of natural mires indicates their background intake from forest fires and vehicle exhaust. Organic compounds are represented by biogenic structures formed as a result of leaching from peat deposits, and in two mires, by anthropogenic inclusions (oil pollutants). Biomolecules of water are represented by cyclic biologically active steroids, di- and triterpenoids, as well as acyclic fatty acids and their esters, ketones and high-molecular diketones, aldehydes, alcohols, n-alkanes and squalene; the proportion of n-alkanes in the composition of acyclic structures of mires waters decreases in the series raised bogs−transitional mires−fens.