Integrating ESG Strategies in Real Estate: Enhancing ResilienceAgainst Climate Risks

Development strategies that are environmentally sustainable and socially resilient are increasingly being considered by developers in response to climate change. This study explores how ESG strategies can contribute to these goals by examining their practical implementation in two distinct market contexts. In this study, the EDGE Amsterdam West project in the Netherlands is compared with VaryAP Meridian in Turkey using a comparative case study methodology. Four dimensions were used to evaluate the projects in the study: environmental outcomes, social inclusion (such as affordability and tenant satisfaction), governance quality (such as stakeholder engagement and reporting standards), and economic sustainability (such as operational efficiency and investment value). The findings show that when ESG strategies are thoughtfully implemented, they lead to clear and meaningful improvements. EDGE Amsterdam West reduced carbon emissions by more than 40 percent through the use of smart building technologies. At the same time, Varyap Meridian showed that even in a challenging policy environment, it is possible to deliver energy-efficient and affordable housing that meets both community needs and environmental goals. This study provides targeted policy recommendations for Albania, which is in the process of developing ESG frameworks. Proposed measures include establishing a national green-building certification system, offering tax incentives for sustainable construction, and fostering capacity building through stakeholder engagement and education. Albania needs these steps to meet its climate goals, attract sustainable investments, and ensure long-term market resilience. For developing countries aiming for sustainable development, it offers practical guidance.