3-D Electro-magnetic Williamson nanofluids flow in permeable surface with chemical and radiative influences via Darcy-Forchheimer material: Nonuniform heat source case

This study aims to examine the influences of ion slip and Hall effects on flow of three-dimensional (3-D) magneto-Williamson nanofluid through Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. The analysis incorporates nonuniform heat-generation (absorption) effect, chemically reactive, viscosity dissipative, Joule heating, and thermal radiative flux. Appropriate similarity conversions are used to convert controlling partial differential equations (PDEs) of model into system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The problem is numerically solved using the bvp4c boundary value problem solver in MATLAB. All potential physical parameters are represented on each of velocities, temperatures and concentrations outline and the appropriate physical interpretations are given for each of influences. Parameters like Hall current, ion slip, Darcy number, and Forchheimer coefficient control fluid flow and friction in the x− and z− directions and affect the thermal distribution and heat and mass transfer. Temperature outlines are optimized by other parameters like thermal radiative variable, Eckert number, thermal constraint, and heat generating (absorbing). Significantly, the heat transfer rates rise by 24.9 %–77.2 % for all parameters under examination, whereas the mass transfer rates reduce by 5.62 %–17.4 %. Calculating complicated parameters like Williamson parameter and heat-generating parameters takes CPU time.