PHÂN TÍCH ĐỘNG LỰC HỌC CỦA HẠT PHÂN BÓN VÔ CƠ SỬ DỤNG ĐĨA QUAY LY TÂM

Precision agriculture requires accurate fertilizer application in terms of quantity, location, and timing to enhance cultivation efficiency, conserve resources, and reduce environmental impact. This study develops a theoretical model to simulate the trajectory of fertilizer granules after leaving the spinning disc. The dynamics and numerical Runge-Kutta methods are applied to analyze the effects of air drag coefficient, granule size, and density on travel distance. The results show an inverse relationship between the air drag coefficient and travel distance. As the air drag coefficient increases from 0.4 to 0.6, the travel distance decreases from 17.79m to 15.59m. Conversely, granule diameter and density exhibit a direct proportionality with landing position. When the diameter increases from 2mm to 4mm, the travel distance rises from 13.98m to 20.79m. Similarly, when the density increases from 1,200 kg/m³ to 1,800 kg/m³, the travel distance extends from 15.59m to 19.64m. This study confirms that designing an optimal fertilizer spreading system requires considering the interaction between the physical and mechanical properties of the granules to maximize distribution efficiency in the field