Efficacy and Biomarker-Based Insights of Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: A Retrospective Multi-Dataset Analysis

This retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of and biomarker-based responses to immunotherapy in ovarian cancer using data from SEER, TCGA, and ClinicalTrials.gov, including 3,750 patients divided into chemotherapy alone, immunotherapy alone, and combination therapy groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy resulted in the best overall and progression-free survival outcomes. Biomarker analysis identified PD-L1, CTAG1B, IGSF8, MSI-H, and TMB as potential predictors of an improved response to immunotherapy. Objective response rates were highest among patients with biomarker-positive tumors receiving immunotherapy, while chemotherapy alone had the lowest efficacy and highest toxicity. These findings underscore the clinical potential of immunotherapy, particularly when guided by biomarker profiles, and highlight the need for prospective studies to validate these results and to inform personalized treatment strategies for ovarian cancer.