LEGAL-HISTORICAL AND LEGAL-POLITICAL PREREQUISITES OF THE FORMATION OF PARLIAMENTS

This article examines the historical evolution of parliamentary governance, focusing on key stages such as the Athenian Assembly, the Roman Senate, the English Revolution, and the French Revolution. It traces the development of democratic and representative systems from their early forms in ancient Greece and Rome to the modern parliamentary systems of the 19th and 20th centuries. The Athenian Assembly, or Ekklesia, is analyzed for its influence on direct democracy, while the Roman Senate highlights the transition from advisory roles to formal governance. The article then explores the English Revolution as a pivotal moment in the establishment of parliamentary supremacy, leading to the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Finally, the French Revolution is considered for its role in shaping modern parliamentary systems, particularly through the creation of the National Assembly and its contributions to constitutional governance. The impact of these historical developments on contemporary parliamentary frameworks, including the division of powers between the executive and legislative branches, is also discussed.