Effects of experimental gastric acid pH on fixed indirect restorative materials made using CAD/CAM: Systematic review

Objective: To analyze how acidic pH affects the stability and properties of CAD/CAM restorative materials. Methods: This review followed PRISMA 2020. Searches were run in MEDLINE (via PubMed), ScienceDirect, and Web of Science using MeSH and free-text terms. In addition, the JBI critical appraisal checklist was used for quality assessment, based on the types of items analyzed. Results: After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the review focused on 15 articles, including randomized clinical trials, quasi-experimental studies, and a narrative review of the literature, primarily high-level studies. Conclusion:. Zirconia and lithium disilicate showed superior aesthetic stability, flexural strength, and surface integrity under acidic conditions, while feldspathic and resin-matrix materials were more susceptible to degradation. Glazing helped reduce surface deterioration. The lack of standardized methodologies limits comparability, highlighting the need for future research to guide clinical recommendations.