Acute poisoning with alcohols and organic solvents in the structure of chemical trauma in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region – Yugra for the period 2013–2022

Introduction. Alcohol poisoning occupies a dominant place in the structure of all poisoning groups in the territory of the Russian Federation. Epidemiological data in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Region – Yugra show the need for an analysis of their prevalence. The purpose of the work is to establish the prevalence of poisoning in the territory, to determine the proportion of poisoning in nosological groups according to the severity of the course and fatal outcomes. Material and methods. The object of the study is the cases of poisoning (12181 people) in the territory for the period 2013–2022 in groups T51–T52 (n=3952), in nosologies: T51.0 – ethanol (n=3339), T51.1 – methanol (n=52), T52.3 – glycols (n=45), distributed according to severity of the condition (mild, moderate and severe), the number of deaths. The analysis of the prevalence of poisoning, the proportion of those poisoned in groups, the distribution of patients by severity of the condition, and the rate of increase (decrease) in poisoning in 2022 compared with 2013 was carried out. Results. The number of poisoning cases in the T51–65 group exceeds the number of poisoning cases in the T36–T50 groups by 57.8%. The rate of decline of those poisoned in 2022 compared to 2013 was –70.2%, in groups T36–T50: –71.4%, in groups T51–T65: –69.25%. Ethanol poisoning of mild severity amounted to 64.2%, moderate severity – 19.7%, severe – 16.2% (methanol – 11.6, 32.7, 55.7%; ethylene glycol – 17.3, 43.5, 39.2, respectively). Deaths predominate in the T51 group – 43.9%, ethanol and methanol account for 28.9% of deaths, and in the T52 group (33.4%). In two groups (T51–T52), the mortality rate was 46.4% (228 cases). The generalization of the information received on the prevalence of acute poisoning of chemical etiology in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Region – Yugra for the analyzed period (2013–2022) shows the structure of the incidence and allows predicting the volume of the possible number of poisonings, comparing the structure of poisoning with other regions of the Russian Federation. Limitations. When studying the total number of poisonings in the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region – Yugra for 2013–2022, an assessment of 12181 poisoning was carried out. Conclusion. The average prevalence of poisoning in the period from 2013 to 2022 in the T51 group was 22.6, in the T52 group – 1.4. The proportion of poisoning in the structure of poisoning in the T51 group was 30.5%, in the T52 group – 1.9%. The indicator of poisoning according to the severity of the course: in the group of ethanol poisoning, there was a predominance of patients with mild severity (64.1%); ethylene glycol – moderate severity (43.5%); methanol – severe (55.7%). The analysis of deaths in nosological groups T51–T52 showed their predominance in the T51 group – 43,9%.