Examining negative interactions and generational dynamics in the multigenerational nursing workforce in Italy

Abstract Background Negative interactions in nursing impact both professional performance and well-being. An aging workforce, with the average Italian nurse’s age approaching 50, highlights challenges in fostering effective collaboration and knowledge transfer across generations. This study aimed to explore negative interactions within Italian multigenerational nursing teams. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using the validated “Negative Interactions Among Nurses Questionnaire.” Results The findings, related to 889 Italian nurses, highlight a high prevalence of negative interactions among nurses (88.1%), particularly within Generation Y (95.7%), often involving a small number of colleagues (67.4%) and persisting over time (51.6%). Key issues included unjustified criticism, gossip, and lack of support, with younger nurses reporting more unfair workloads ( p = 0.040) and evaluations ( p = 0.07). Bullying affected 44.3% of nurses, leading to professional dissatisfaction, with 26% seeking transfers and 35.5% considering leaving the profession. Psychophysical symptoms such as anxiety (14.1%) were common, especially among younger generations ( p < 0.001), while formal reporting was rare (0.7%). Perceptions of patient safety were moderately impacted (mean score: 3.18/10), with younger generations reporting slightly higher risks. Conclusions Addressing negative intergenerational interactions through education, mentorship, and proactive leadership is essential. Prioritizing teamwork and supportive environments can enhance nurse well-being, career satisfaction, and patient care.