Structural strength evaluation of a modular toddler bicycle: Frame design and material considerations for children’s progressive development

The toddler bicycle is essential for promoting gross motor skills in early childhood development, but its usability is often limited by fixed dimensions that do not accommodate a child’s growth. This study explores the concept of modular transformability, which allows the bicycle frame to adapt to different developmental stages, enhancing functionality and supporting sustainability through reduced waste and extended usability. As children grow, their increasing weight demands a robust structural design to ensure both safety and performance. The structural strength and stability of a modular toddler bicycle frame are evaluated using numerical simulations under static loading conditions. Various frame designs and material options are analyzed for displacements and stresses, optimizing performance while maintaining safety. The findings offer insights for improving bicycle frame design and align with a circular design philosophy that prioritizes durability, adaptability, and environmental sustainability.