Legal Regulation of Adaptation to Climate Change in Russia and Abroad Based on the Experience of Germany, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa

Climate change is a pressing problem of the 21st century, with a wide range of environmental, economic and social challenges. In response to these risks, most countries around the world are taking comprehensive measures to both mitigate the effects of climate change and develop adaptation strategies for changes that have already occurred or are expected to occur. The key parameter for a successful response to climate threats is not only the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, but also effective legal regulation of the processes of adaptation to climate change. Effective adaptation requires an integrated approach that takes into account a number of factors, which include taking into account industry and regional characteristics, and the longterm nature of the activities carried out. Adaptation is not a one—time emergency measure, but a series of proactive measures that require constant monitoring in terms of reducing vulnerability, exploiting opportunities and adjustments. This study is devoted to the analysis of the legal regulation of adaptation to climate change in the legislations of various countries, with an emphasis on comparing responses to climate challenges and related economic and social consequences. In particular, the object of the study is the legal order of Russia, Germany, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa. The purpose of this analysis is to identify effective approaches and mechanisms used in different regions of the world to legally ensure adaptation to climate change and minimize negative consequences for the population and economy.