Thiazolidinone derivatives for antimicrobial activities: HPLC method development and validation

The global surge in antimicrobial resistance has intensified the need for novel therapeutic agents.Thiazolidinone derivatives, a class of heterocyclic compounds, have exhibited promising pharmacological properties, including antibacterial potential.This study reports the synthesis, analytical method development, validation, and antimicrobial evaluation of selected thiazolidinone derivatives.A reverse-phase highperformance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed using a C18 column with an optimized mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 4.0) under isocratic conditions.Detection was performed at 254 nm.The method was validated per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines, showing excellent specificity, linearity (R > 0.999), accuracy, precision (RSD < 2%), sensitivity, and robustness.The synthesized derivatives were screened for antimicrobial activity using disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans.Notably, TZD-3 exhibited strong antimicrobial activity (MIC as low as 2-4 g/mL) with good selectivity.The validated HPLC method ensures reliable quality control, and the derivatives present promising leads for further antimicrobial development.