A self-powered intruder monitoring device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator

With the increasing demand for security monitoring in modern society, intruder detection technology has become an important component. Traditional monitoring devices typically rely on cameras, infrared devices, or seismic detectors. Once installed, these devices remain stationary and require continuous access to a 220 V or 24 V power supply, making them difficult to operate for extended periods in environments such as remote areas where power is hard to obtain. This paper introduces a self-powered intruder monitoring device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and a three-axis vibration sensor, aiming to improve the reliability and practicality of monitoring systems. The device achieves self-powered intruder monitoring via TENG, reducing reliance on external power. The paper elaborates on the design principles and key technologies of the device, showcasing its performance through real-world application cases. The hardware components of the device include a self-powered module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and a wakeup module. The self-powered module utilizes a TENG at its core, while the data acquisition module uses the BMA456 sensor to transmit data to the ESP8266 via the I2C protocol for processing. In terms of software program design, Arduino IDE was used for development for data collection, processing, and storage. Through data acquisition and analysis, the STA/LTA algorithm and footstep frequency determination logic were employed to enhance the accuracy of intruder detection. This design offers advantages such as ease of deployment, low power consumption, self-sufficient energy supply, and versatile data transmission capabilities, making it especially suitable for use in areas that require monitoring but where stable power supply is difficult to obtain, such as remote mountainous regions or warehouse surroundings.