Lithium battery wide frequency impedance rapid measurement method using binary sequence current excitation

Battery impedance is a critical parameter for assessing the state of charge, health status, and fault diagnosis of lithium-ion batteries, with significant application value in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Traditional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements rely on frequency-by-frequency scanning, which suffers from issues such as long measurement times, bulky equipment, and susceptibility to environmental interference. These limitations restrict its application in on-site rapid testing. This study proposes a rapid wide-frequency impedance measurement scheme for lithium-ion batteries based on Discrete Interval Binary Sequence (DIBS). The measurement device uses an STM32H750 microcontroller as the core controller, combined with an AD7606B high-precision data acquisition module and an upper-level computer system. The system achieves multi-frequency synchronous excitation through DIBS waveforms, employing a frequency-band sampling strategy and fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. It ultimately integrates data reception, processing, and visualization functions. Experimental validation demonstrates that the system significantly reduces measurement time, with results consistent with those from a standard electrochemical workstation, thereby meeting the requirements for rapid testing.